Hrynova D. V. INFLUENCE OF QUALITY OF WASHING OF TECHNOLOGICAL LINE OF PRODUCTION OF MILK ON CONTAMINATION OF RAW MATERIAL

UDC 636.2.034:579.672

 

INFLUENCE OF QUALITY OF WASHING OF TECHNOLOGICAL LINE OF PRODUCTION OF MILK ON CONTAMINATION OF RAW MATERIAL

Hrynova D.V.

Sumy National Agrarian University, Ukraine, Sumy

Researching the raw milk that had been taken from under the cows, from milk pipe, hose and tank for milk cooling, we found that the sanitary treatment of all equipment affects the quality of milk-raw material all the way it from the udder of the cow to the tank. Indicators of the sanitary state of milking equipment in the first day after general cleaning and disinfection were normal. While on the seventh day they were unsatisfactory, which suggests that the washing equipment should be done more often and better, and it is necessary to replace worn hoses and milk pipes in time.

Key words: raw milk, udder, milk pipe, hose, tank, milking equipment, general cleaning, disinfection.

 

Гринёва Д. В. ВЛИЯНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА МЫТЬЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЛИНИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА МОЛОКА НА ЗАГРЯЗНЕННОСТЬ МОЛОКА-СЫРЬЯ/ Сумской национальный аграрный университет, Украина, Сумы

Исследуя сырое молоко, что было отобрано из-под коров, из молокопровода, шланга и емкости для охлаждения молока, мы обнаружили, что санитарная обработка оборудования влияет на качество молока-сырья на всем пути его от вымени коровы до ёмкости. Показатели санитарного состояния доильного оборудования в первый день после генерального мытья и дезинфекции были в норме. Тогда как на седьмой день они были неудовлетворительными, что свидетельствует о том, что мытьё оборудования должно производиться чаще и лучше, и необходимо заменять изношенные шланги и молокопроводы во времени.

Ключевые слова: сырое молоко, вымя, молокопровод, шланг, ёмкость, доильное оборудование, генеральное мытьё, дезинфекция.

 

Гриньова Д. В. ВПЛИВ ЯКОСТІ МИТТЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОЇ ЛІНІЇ ВИРОБНИЦТВА МОЛОКА НА ЗАБРУДНЕНІСТЬ МОЛОКА-СИРОВИНИ/ Сумський національний аграрний університет, Україна, Суми

Досліджуючи сире молоко, що було відібрано з-під корів, з молокопроводу, шланга і ємності для охолодження молока, ми виявили, що санітарна обробка обладнання впливає на якість молока-сировини на всьому шляху його від вимені корови до ємності. Показники санітарного стану доїльного обладнання в перший день після генерального миття та дезінфекції були в нормі. Тоді як на сьомий день вони були незадовільними, що свідчить про те, що миття обладнання повинно проводитися частіше і краще, і необхідно замінювати зношені шланги і молокопроводи вчасно.

Ключові слова: сире молоко, вим'я, молокопровід, шланг, ємність, доїльне обладнання, генеральне миття, дезінфекція.

 

Statement of the problem. High quality milk is not the primary problem in Ukraine. However, no one considers necessary to pay attention not on animals and on service of the equipment for reception of milk. The quality and safety of raw milk depends on the number of microorganisms which get to it in the production process. It is known that both the number and species composition of microflora of raw milk affected by the state of health of dairy cows, the sanitary condition of the farm, milking equipment and milk ware [1, 2, 3]. Determination of the presence of microorganisms is used as an indicator to install the microbiological safety of raw materials and food products, because their presence indicates the level of compliance with sanitary requirements during production processes.

Indicator microbiological safety of raw milk in the EU is the observance by the manufacturer of compliance of microbiological criteria against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Ecsherichia coli, Enterobacter sakazakii and quantity of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAnM).

The purpose of research. The aim of our study was to investigate the level of contamination of raw milk mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAnM), bacteria coliform and Staphylococcus depending on sanitary processing of the equipment.

Material and methods of research. Research conducted in raw milk, which was taken during the week directly from under the cows, from milk pipe, hose and tank for milk cooling. On the farm after each milking unit is used circulating washing. But despite this, maintenance of equipment is weekly instead of once a month, dismantling and rinsing it manually.

Indication of microorganisms was carried out in accordance with existing national methods [4, 6, 7]. Just were studied 140 samples.

Before carrying out microbiological analyses were performed tenfold cultivation of selected samples tested in the buffer-infusion water [7]. The total number of microorganisms established by planting 1 cm3 pre-cooked research material under agar to determine the quantity of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAnM), and the number of coliform bacteria (CGB) - glucose-gall-agar with neutral red. After incubation of cultures at a temperature 30±2 and 37±2 °С in accordance within 72 and 36 hours were counting the number of colonies grown and determined the number of colony-forming units in a unit volume of the material studied (CFU/cm3). Method of determining the number of staphylococcus is in cultured milk or dilutions on the surface of dense matter, cultivation of microorganisms, counting of typical colonies with subsequent confirmation plasma coagulation.

The results of the research. Starting from the udder of cows to the tank, passing several points of the technological line organisms are distributed on objects, as evidenced by the graphics content МАFАnМ in Fig. 1.

The number of МАFАnМ in the milk hose is the highest compared with other objects lines as of the 1st day of practice, and on the 7th day that can testify to the accumulation of microorganisms in the hose through the lack of possibilities of hand washing. This indicator exceeds the indicator in milk, which was taken away from under cows in 66,67 times in the beginning of the research period and 95 times the end of the experiment.

 

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